Deminta dusha tuubooyinka alxanka ah iyo daawaynta kulaylka kululaynta waxaa badanaa lagu sameeyaa kuleyliyaha induction ama kuleylinta ololka.Halbeegyada farsamo ee ugu muhiimsan waa qallafsanaanta dusha sare, qallafsanaanta maxalliga ah iyo qoto-dheeraanta lakabka adag ee waxtarka leh.Tijaabada qallafsanaantu waxay isticmaali kartaa tijaabiyaha qallafsanaanta Vickers, sidoo kale waxay isticmaali kartaa Rockwell ama adkaanta Rockwell oogada.Doorashada xoogga tijaabada (miisaanka) waxay la xiriirtaa qoto dheer ee lakabka adag ee waxtarka leh iyo adkaanta dusha sare ee tuubada alxanka.Halkan waxa ku jira saddex qallafsanaan.
Aqoonsiga astaanta
Qalabka kiimikada: caabbinta heerkulka sare, caabbinta heerkulka hooseeya, caabbinta acid, alkalinity, caabbinta oksaydhka, iwm.;
Waxqabadka geeddi-socodka: fidinta fiilaha, kormeerka jabka, foorarsiga soo noqnoqda, leexinta gadaale, leexinta leexinta, laba-jidka torsion, tijaabinta haydarooliga, tijaabinta ololka, foorarsiga, qallafsanaanta, fiditaanka, fidinta giraanta, fidinta giraanta, hay'adda microscopy, tijaabada koobabka, falanqaynta birta, iwm;
Tijaabada aan burbursanayn: raajada aan burburin, ultrasonic electromagnetic, ultrasonic, eddy test test, magnetic flux leakage test, dhexgalka dhexda, tijaabada qayb birlab ah;
Qalabka farsamada: xoogga jilicsanaanta, tijaabada saameynta, dhibicda dhalidda, dhererka jabka ka dib, hoos u dhigista aagga, index adkaanta (Heerka Rockwell, adkaanta Brinell, adkaanta Vickers, adkaanta Leeb, adkaanta Webster);
Waxyaabaha kale: qaab dhismeedka biraha, ka mid noqoshada, lakabka la gooyey, go'aaminta nuxurka qaab-dhismeedka yar yar, falanqaynta sababta daxalka, cabbirka hadhuudhka iyo qiimeynta microscopic, qaab dhismeedka awoodda hoose, daxalka intergranular, microstructure superalloy, qaab dhismeedka biraha heerkulka sare Sug.
Falanqaynta isbarbardhigga, aqoonsiga walxaha, falanqaynta fashilka, falanqaynta qaybaha, falanqaynta kiimikada

Falanqaynta fashilka: falanqaynta jabka, falanqaynta daxalka, iwm.

Falanqaynta Elemental: ogaanshaha saxda ah iyo falanqaynta manganese, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, baaruud, silicon, birta, aluminium, fosfooraska, chromium, vanadium, titanium, copper, cobalt, nikkel, molybdenum, cerium, lanthanum ee biraha, alloys iyo alaabtooda. , iyo birta , Calcium, magnesium, zinc, tiin, antimony, arsenic iyo walxo kale oo bir ah oo ka kooban iyo nuxurka;